Advances in the Treatment of Ph+ Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Comprehensive Study

Authors

• Suryakiran Navath Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States
• Pranav Adithya Navath Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, United States

Abstract

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph+), resulting from a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. The discovery of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for Ph+ CML. This review article provides an in-depth analysis of the recent advancements in the treatment of Ph+ CML, focusing on the efficacy, safety, and emerging therapeutic strategies.

The introduction outlines the historical progression from conventional therapies to the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), marking a pivotal shift in CML management. The abstract delves into the first-line treatment strategies, with a focus on imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib, highlighting their individual efficacies and safety profiles.

A significant portion is dedicated to the exploration of second and third-generation TKIs, elucidating their distinct mechanisms of action, resistance patterns, and comparative effectiveness. Insights into the evolution of treatment strategies in response to emerging resistance and intolerance are provided, emphasizing the importance of mutation analysis in guiding therapeutic decisions.

The abstract underscores the transformative impact of targeted therapy on Ph+ CML outcomes. It emphasizes the need for ongoing research to address challenges, optimize treatment sequencing, and explore novel agents that hold the promise of further improving the prognosis and quality of life for patients with Ph+ CML.